Ciudadanía por Nacimiento en México — Jus Soli ABSOLUTO (CPEUM Art 30 Apartado A Fracción I)

Mexico's jus soli provision is textually absolute: any person born on Mexican territory is a Mexican national by birth, regardless of the parents' nationality. The operative text of CPEUM Art 30 Apartado A fracción I reads: "Son mexicanos por nacimiento: I. Los que nazcan en territorio de la República, sea cual fuere la nacionalidad de sus padres." The phrase "sea cual fuere la nacionalidad de sus padres" — whatever the nationality of the parents — has been preserved textually through all five constitutional reforms to Art 30 (1934, 1969, 1974, 1997, 2021) without modification.

• Birth in the territory of the Republic (territorio de la República)
• Includes federal territory, Mexican territorial sea, exclusive economic zone (under Art 42 CPEUM jurisdiction provisions), and floating territory (see MX-BTH-04)
• No parental nationality requirement — applies to children of foreigners, stateless persons, or undocumented entrants
• No minimum parental residence requirement

MX eligibility framework (BTH): bucket-specific anchored in CPEUM Art 30 (Apartado A jus soli + Apartado B jus sanguinis) + Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 (DOF 1998-01-23, última reforma DOF 2012-04-23) + Reglamento DOF 2009-06-17 (Calderón). Constitutional ceiling CPEUM Art 30/32/37. BTH eligibility: CPEUM Art 30 Apartado A fracción I — birth in territory of the Republic (territorio federal + Mexican territorial sea + exclusive economic zone per Art 42 jurisdiction provisions + floating territory MX-BTH-04); ABSOLUTE jus soli with NO diplomatic-child exclusion (cascade-FIRST cohort-distinctive). No parental nationality + no minimum parental residence required.

1. Birth is registered at the Registro Civil of the relevant entidad federativa within 60 days (Código Civil Federal Art 55 + state civil codes)
2. Parents or legal guardians present: proof of birth (attended birth certificate or midwife declaration), parental identification
3. CURP (Clave Única de Registro de Población) assigned by RENAPO at registration — note: CURP Biométrica reform (DOF 2025-07-16) will add biometric enrollment within 90 days
4. Births abroad on Mexican-flagged vessels or aircraft: registered via SRE Dirección General de Servicios Consulares (subcategory DNN-1 SRE-02-013-D); see MX-BTH-04
5. Certificado de Nacionalidad Mexicana (DNN-1 subcategory A) available through SRE-DGAJ for documentary confirmation; processing 1 día hábil; tarifa 2025-26: MXN 2,475

Filing authorities: SRE-DGAJ; RENAPO; Registro Civil estatal. MX procedure (birth — jus soli): (1) Birth registration at Registro Civil estatal of relevant entidad federativa within 60 days (Código Civil Federal Art 55 + state civil codes); (2) parents or legal guardians present proof of birth + parental identification; (3) CURP (Clave Única de Registro de Población) assigned by RENAPO at registration — CURP Biométrica reform DOF 2025-07-16 adds biometric enrollment within 90 days; (4) births abroad on Mexican-flagged vessels/aircraft registered via SRE Dirección General de Servicios Consulares (subcategory DNN-1 SRE-02-013-D); (5) acta de nacimiento mexicana issuance — primary proof of Mexican nationality.

• Primary statute: CPEUM Art 30 Apartado A fracción I (DOF 1934-01-18 broad jus soli formulation; reformed 1969/1974/1997/2021 — fracción I textually preserved throughout)
• Implementing statute: Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 Art 6
• Implementing regulation: Reglamento de la Ley de Nacionalidad DOF 2009-06-17 Cap II
• Identity anchor: CPEUM Art 4 párrafo 8 (right-to-identity, DOF 2014-10-17)
• Operative period: 1934-01-18 → present
• Authority: SRE-DGAJ, RENAPO, Registro Civil estatal

Primary statute: CPEUM Art 30 Apartado A fracción I (DOF 1934-01-18 broad jus soli formulation; reformed 1969/1974/1997/2021 — fracción I textually preserved throughout) + Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 Art 6 + Reglamento DOF 2009-06-17 Cap II. Operative period: 1934-01-18 → present. Mexican citizenship legal framework: Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (CPEUM) Art 30, 32, 37 primary constitutional framework — Art 30 nationality acquisition (Apartado A jus soli + Apartado B jus sanguinis); Art 32 dual-citizenship + Mexican-by-naturalization restrictions; Art 37 ciudadanía + nacionalidad loss framework. Constitutional anchor: CPEUM is the longest-continuous-single-text constitution globally (since 1917-02-05); Apartado A fracción I textually preserved across reforms 1934/1969/1974/1997/2021. Implementing statute: Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 (DOF 1998-01-23; última reforma DOF 2012-04-23). Implementing regulation: Reglamento de la Ley de Nacionalidad DOF 2009-06-17 (Calderón sexenio — NOT 2014). Key recent reforms: Art 30 multi-generational jus sanguinis reform DOF 2021-05-17 (Sheinbaum-era); Indigenous Originario framework DOF 2024-09-30 reforming Art 2 + 27 + 73 (CPEUM); Oaxaca Usos y Costumbres 417-418 SNI framework. Treaty anchors: ILO 169 (Mexico 2nd globally ratifier, 1990-09-05 after Norway 1990-06-19); 1933 Montevideo denuncia trifecta (1997-2000 — Inter-American Citizenship Treaties withdrawal); ICJ Avena 2004 (Mexico v USA — consular notification); Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848 (territorial cession + nationality transition framework). NOT party to 1961 Stateless Convention. Apex: Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación (SCJN) — Pleno + Primera Sala + Segunda Sala. Indigenous parallel framework distinct.