התאזרחות על בסיס נישואין (אמנות 20 fr II - 2y + מגורים משותפים 'Vivido de Consuno')

Marriage to a Mexican national provides an accelerated 2-year naturalization pathway under Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 Art 20 fracción II, subject to an additional cohabitation requirement absent from the other Art 20 fr I accelerated sub-routes. The phrase "vivido de consuno en el domicilio conyugal establecido en el territorio nacional" — having lived together in the conjugal domicile established in national territory — is the operative condition that distinguishes MX-MAR-01 from the descent-based and Iberoamericano pathways.

Mexico's same-sex marriage equality framework fully applies. All 32 estados and CDMX recognize same-sex marriage as of 2022 (the last estado — Tamaulipas — was included via SCJN jurisprudencia precedent), and CPEUM Art 1 pro persona principle plus the SCJN matrimonio igualitario doctrine require that the accelerated naturalization benefit of Art 20 fr II be extended to same-sex spouses of Mexican nationals on the same terms as opposite-sex spouses.

Art 22 provides a retention rule: Mexican nationality acquired through marriage is not automatically lost upon divorce. The spouse who naturalized retains their Mexican nationality post-divorce (they remain a mexicano por naturalización subject to Art 37 B, but the marital dissolution itself does not trigger loss).

An important reform note: the DOF junio 2024 reform to Código Nacional de Procedimientos Civiles y Familiares Arts 314 + 1144 eliminated apostilla requirements for nationality-acreditando documents. This simplification has practical significance for spouses presenting foreign marriage records in support of their naturalization applications.

• Applicant is the foreign national spouse of a Mexican national (por nacimiento or por naturalización)
• 2-year legal residency in Mexico immediately preceding application (Residente Temporal or Permanente)
• Cohabitation requirement: must have "vivido de consuno" in the conjugal domicile in Mexican territory during the residency period
• Marriage must be legally valid under Mexican law: civil marriage recognized by Registro Civil; same-sex marriages valid per SCJN jurisprudencia + Art 1 CPEUM pro persona
• Marriage must be subsisting at time of application (Art 22 applies post-divorce but naturalization application must be submitted during marriage)
• Same examination requirements: Spanish proficiency + history-culture (unless exempt as refugee, minor, or 60+)
• Same Art 17 renunciation oath
• Same solvencia económica and criminal record requirements

MX eligibility framework (MAR): bucket-specific anchored in CPEUM Art 30 (Apartado A jus soli + Apartado B jus sanguinis) + Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 (DOF 1998-01-23, última reforma DOF 2012-04-23) + Reglamento DOF 2009-06-17 (Calderón). Constitutional ceiling CPEUM Art 30/32/37.

1. Maintain valid civil marriage to a Mexican national and establish joint domicile in Mexico
2. Accrue 2 years of INM residency in Mexico with cohabitation documentation
3. Gather cohabitation evidence: shared lease agreements, utility bills, school enrollment records, tax filings showing joint address — administrative practice at SRE-DGAJ requires convincing documentary package
4. Present marriage certificate (apostille waived since DOF junio 2024 for Mexican-issued records; foreign marriage certificates may still require consular certification or apostille depending on origin country)
5. Submit application via SINNA portal or SRE-DGAJ in person, citing Art 20 fr II
6. SEGOB-INM opinion (45 días hábiles)
7. Pass Spanish proficiency and history-culture examinations
8. Renunciation oath (Art 17) + Carta de Naturalización issued

Filing authorities: SRE-DGAJ. MX procedure (MAR): SRE-DGAJ + RENAPO + Registro Civil estatal operational; CPEUM Art 30/32/37 + Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 (última reforma DOF 2012-04-23) + Reglamento DOF 2009-06-17 framework; CURP Biométrica reform DOF 2025-07-16.

• Primary statute: Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 Art 20 fracción II — 2-year residence + cohabitation in conjugal domicile on national territory + Art 22 (retention post-divorce)
• Regulation: Reglamento DOF 2009-06-17 Cap III (same as other Art 20 routes)
• Constitutional anchor: CPEUM Art 30 Apartado B; Art 1 (pro persona + non-discrimination including marital status and sexual orientation)
• Same-sex equality: SCJN matrimonio igualitario doctrine; all 32 estados + CDMX as of 2022
• Apostilla reform: DOF junio 2024 Código Nacional Arts 314 + 1144 (apostilla eliminated for MX nationality documents)
• Operative period: 1998-03-20 → present
• Authority: SRE-DGAJ
• Tarifa 2025-26: MXN 9,500

Primary statute: Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 Art 20 fracción II — 2-year residence + cohabitation in conjugal domicile in territory + Art 22 retention post-divorce. Operative period: 1998-03-20 → present. Mexican citizenship legal framework: Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (CPEUM) Art 30, 32, 37 primary constitutional framework — Art 30 nationality acquisition (Apartado A jus soli + Apartado B jus sanguinis); Art 32 dual-citizenship + Mexican-by-naturalization restrictions; Art 37 ciudadanía + nacionalidad loss framework. Constitutional anchor: CPEUM is the longest-continuous-single-text constitution globally (since 1917-02-05); Apartado A fracción I textually preserved across reforms 1934/1969/1974/1997/2021. Implementing statute: Ley de Nacionalidad 1998 (DOF 1998-01-23; última reforma DOF 2012-04-23). Implementing regulation: Reglamento de la Ley de Nacionalidad DOF 2009-06-17 (Calderón sexenio — NOT 2014). Key recent reforms: Art 30 multi-generational jus sanguinis reform DOF 2021-05-17 (Sheinbaum-era); Indigenous Originario framework DOF 2024-09-30 reforming Art 2 + 27 + 73 (CPEUM); Oaxaca Usos y Costumbres 417-418 SNI framework. Treaty anchors: ILO 169 (Mexico 2nd globally ratifier, 1990-09-05 after Norway 1990-06-19); 1933 Montevideo denuncia trifecta (1997-2000 — Inter-American Citizenship Treaties withdrawal); ICJ Avena 2004 (Mexico v USA — consular notification); Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848 (territorial cession + nationality transition framework). NOT party to 1961 Stateless Convention. Apex: Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación (SCJN) — Pleno + Primera Sala + Segunda Sala. Indigenous parallel framework distinct.