1948 Cases — pre-1948 maternal-line descent (Trib Roma civil jurisdiction)

Unaffected by Tajani — Cass SU 25317/2022 consolidated civil-court jurisdiction at Tribunale di Roma. Pre-1948 women's automatic-loss reversed per CC 87/1975.

Route: 1948 Cases — pre-1948 maternal-line descent (Trib Roma civil jurisdiction). Statutory anchor: Legge 91/1992 Art 1 c.1 lit.a + CC 87/1975 + Cass SU 25317/2022. Operative notes: Unaffected by Tajani — Cass SU 25317/2022 consolidated civil-court jurisdiction at Tribunale di Roma. Pre-1948 women's automatic-loss reversed per CC 87/1975. Primary pins: IT-SRC-006, IT-SRC-007, IT-SRC-008.

Operative framework: Legge 5 febbraio 1992, n. 91 (Nuove norme sulla cittadinanza) as amended by DL 113/2018 -> Legge 132/2018 (Salvini decree) — language requirement, fee increase, processing extensions and DL 36/2025 -> Legge 74/2025 — vincolo effettivo (effective bond) requirement; restricts jus sanguinis to 2nd generation. Authority: Ministero dell'Interno (DLCI) — Direzione Centrale per i Diritti Civili; Prefetture (territorial); Consolati italiani (diaspora). DLCI operational guidance: DLCI (Direzione Centrale per i Diritti Civili, la Cittadinanza e le Minoranze) Circolari: 26185/2025-05-28 + 43347/2024 (operational guidance). Standard residence floor: 10 years co

• Under Art 1 c.1 lit.a Legge 91/1992 as in force from 1992-08-16 to 2025-03-27 (pre-Tajani window), Italian citizenship was transmitted jure sanguinis without generational limit to any descendant of an Italian parent, provided the transmission chain was not interrupted by an automatic-loss event under the pre-1992 Legge 555/1912 framework.

• Decreto-Legge 28 marzo 2025 n. 36 (Tajani decree), in force from 2025-03-29 through 2025-05-23 (Window 2), introduced the rule that foreign-born persons holding another citizenship are considered 'never to have acquired Italian citizenship' unless one of three exceptions applied — a retroactive deemed-never-acquired regime derogating from Art 1, 2, 3, 14 and 20 Legge 91/1992.

• Legge 23 maggio 2025 n. 74 (Tajani conversion), in force from 2025-05-24 to present, converted DL 36/2025 'con modificazioni' and consolidated the two-generation-limit + three-exception architecture for jure sanguinis citizenship of foreign-born dual nationals.

• Post-Tajani DLCI administrative practice requires applicants to document both (i) the unbroken ascendant chain of Italian citizenship and (ii) fulfilment of one Tajani exception — documentation includes atti di nascita, certificati di cittadinanza, non-naturalisation certificates from foreign states of residence, and residency-continuity proofs where exception (c) is invoked.

• Consular-level implementation of Tajani jure sanguinis reform is coordinated by MAECI Farnesina D.G.IT., with per-Consolato interpretive notices from major applicant-pool posts (Rio de Janeiro, New York, Gerusalemme, San Francisco, La Valletta, Ginevra) issued in Windows 2-4 between 2025-03-28 and 2025-09-01.

• Tajani exception (b) 'exclusive Italian citizenship' test for parent or grandparent requires proof that the ascendant never held another citizenship at the relevant time — documentary burden is substantial for diaspora cohorts (Brazil, Argentina, USA) where pre-1992 automatic-loss events and foreign naturalisation records are often incomplete.

• CC sentenza 87/1975 (deposito 9 aprile 1975) declared Art 10 c.3 Legge 555/1912 constitutionally illegitimate in the part providing automatic loss of Italian citizenship for Italian women marrying foreign men, for violation of Art 3 Cost (gender equality) and Art 29 Cost (family unity); this decision is the doctrinal foundation for so-called '1948 cases' (pre-1948 female-line descent).

• CC comunicato 12 marzo 2026 declared the Tajani Art 3-bis regime constitutionally valid against Art 3 Cost (equality / retroactivity), Art 9 TEU + Art 20 TFEU (EU citizenship); two further challenges under UDHR Art 15(2) and ECHR Protocol 4 Art 3(2) were declared inammissibili (no merits review) — preserving potential avenues for re-framed litigation.

Cost framework: contributo amministrativo per DL 113/2018 + Legge 132/2018. Apostille costs per Apostille per Convenzione dell'Aja 5 ottobre 1961 (Hague Apostille Convention — IT party). Language certification: Italiano — B1 CELI / CILS / PLIDA (three certifying bodies) per DL 113/2018. DLCI operational guidance: DLCI (Direzione Centrale per i Diritti Civili, la Cittadinanza e le Minoranze) Circolari: 26185/2025-05-28 + 43347/2024 (operational guidance). Authority: Ministero dell'Interno (DLCI) —

Consolato italiano (applicants abroad) OR Comune di residenza + MAECI Farnesina coordination. For 1948 cases: Tribunale ordinario di Roma (civil jurisdiction per Cass SU 25317/2022).

Filing routes: Consolato Italiano (jurisdiction by AIRE residence) OR Comune di residenza in Italy (Sezione Stato Civile / Ufficio Anagrafe). Trib Roma civil venue for 1948 maternal-line cases. Apostille Aja 1961 required on all foreign civil-status acts.

Administrative authority chain: Ministero dell'Interno (DLCI) — Direzione Centrale per i Diritti Civili; Prefetture (territorial); Consolati italiani (diaspora). Operational guidance: DLCI (Direzione Centrale per i Diritti Civili, la Cittadinanza e le Minoranze) Circolari: 26185/2025-05-28 + 43347/2024 (operational guidance). Comune-level anchors: IRE comune (Italians Resident in foreign country) + GLS comune + Sezione Stato Civile (civil-status anchors). Civil venue: Tribunale Ordinario di Roma — civil venue per Legge 91/1992 + DL 36/2025 (foro generale per stranieri residenti all'estero). Apex jurisprudence: Cassazione Sezioni Unite 25317-25318/2022 + Cass SU 4466/2009 + CC 87/1975 (apex jurisprudence); constitutional: Corte Costituzionale sentenza n. 142/2025 depositata 31 luglio 2

TAR Lazio for Art 9 refusals within 60 days (5-year absolute limitation). Cons.Stato appellate jurisdiction. For 1948 cases: Tribunale ordinario di Roma civil court with Cass SU 25317/2022 jurisdiction basis.

Appeal pathways: Trib Roma civil venue for denials, consular-delay > 24-month statutory, and 1948 maternal-line cases (Cass SU 4466/2009 + 25317-25318/2022 'permanente e imprescrittibile' doctrine governing). TAR Lazio administrative review for DLCI denials. CC referral via Art 23 Legge 87/1953 (CC 142/2025 deposit pending). For Tajani-window: CJEU Art 267 TFEU Tjebbes-Rottmann avenue preserved.

Appeals framework: civil-side appeals to Tribunale Ordinario (competent venue per Tribunale Ordinario di Roma — civil venue per Legge 91/1992 + DL 36/2025 (foro generale per stranieri residenti all'estero)); apex review per Cassazione Sezioni Unite 25317-25318/2022 + Cass SU 4466/2009 + CC 87/1975 (apex jurisprudence). Constitutional review: Corte Costituzionale sentenza n. 142/2025 depositata 31 luglio 2025 (NOT future-dated '2026-03-12'). Declared OLD Art 1 c.1 lit.a challenges inammissibili; merits of Legge 74/2025 UNTESTED (referring courts: Four Tribunale rimettenti (referring courts): Bologna + Roma + Milano + Fir