משטר החוקה של 1980 לפני 2005 (אובדן אוטומטי בהתאזרחות זרה; מוצא avecindamiento)

As a HISTORICAL regime, CL-HIS-03 does not describe a live application pathway; it fixes the rules that governed any Chilean-nationality question crystallising between 24.10.1980 and 25.08.2005 (window W3 / era CL-ERA-06). Two consequences distinguished the pre-reform regime from today's. First, a Chilean who VOLUNTARILY acquired a foreign nationality automatically LOST Chilean nationality under the pre-2005 Art 11 No1; dual nationality was, as a rule, not tolerated. This was the direct descendant of the 1925 ground 'Por nacionalizacion en pais extranjero' (CL-PRIMARY-14 Art 6 No1), which itself descends from the 1833 loss-of-citizenship ground 'Por naturalización en país extranjero' (CL-PRIMARY-17 Art 11 No3), the deepest decoded root of Chile's historic single-nationality baseline. Second, a child of a Chilean father or mother born abroad did NOT hold Chilean nationality by the mere fact of descent; the pre-reform text tied acquisition to avecindamiento (taking up residence in Chile), echoing the 1925 formula 'por el solo hecho de avecindarse en Chile' (CL-PRIMARY-14 Art 5 No2). Ley 20.050 abolished both: it removed avecindamiento-for-acquisition (replacing it with the first/second-degree ascendant anchor) and abolished auto-loss (replacing it with voluntary renunciation effective only after prior foreign naturalization). A person assessing eligibility today must therefore identify whether the relevant birth, naturalization-abroad, or loss event occurred before or after 26.08.2005; pre-2005 events fall under this route. No new applications arise under CL-HIS-03.

Under the pre-2005 regime the operative mechanics differed by ground. (a) Auto-loss on foreign naturalization operated ipso iure, by operation of law, upon the mere fact of the Chilean acquiring another nationality; no Chilean administrative decree was constitutive of the loss (contrast the war-service ground Art 11 No2, which required a 'decreto supremo', and carta cancellation, which required a Presidential decree). (b) Descent nationality of a child born abroad vested only upon that child's avecindamiento in Chile under the pre-reform Art 10 No2; acquisition was thus tied to a residence act, not automatic at birth. (c) The carta de nacionalizacion continued to be granted under DFL 5.142 of 1960 by decree of the President countersigned by the Minister of the Interior, the same operative statute that survives today (CL-PRIMARY-05 Art 1). (d) Any person deprived of, or denied, nationality by administrative authority could invoke the Art 12 reclamation before the Corte Suprema within 30 days (CL-PRIMARY-01c Art 12), a remedy continuous across the pre- and post-2005 texts. The 2005 reform did not alter the carta procedure or the reclamation; it changed the substantive loss and descent rules. Because the pre-2005 verbatim loss/descent text is not decoded, procedural detail beyond these pinned points is Not Legally Resolved (see ). As of 2026-07-05, temporal anchor W3 (1980-2005).

Route CL-HIS-03 is the nationality regime of the 1980 Constitution in its ORIGINAL (pre-reform) form, running from the entry into force of the nationality chapter (Capitulo II 'Nacionalidad y ciudadania'), published D.O. 24.10.1980 under Decreto Ley No 3.464 of 8 August 1980 ('APRUEBA NUEVA CONSTITUCION POLITICA Y LA SOMETE A RATIFICACION POR PLEBISCITO'), until the reform effected by Ley 20.050 (D.O. 26.08.2005). Four constitutional pillars governed: (i) jus soli, Art 10 No1 'Los nacidos en el territorio de Chile...' (left untouched by the 2005 reform); (ii) descent, split across the pre-reform Art 10 No2 and No3: No2 deemed Chilean the children of a Chilean parent born abroad while a parent was in 'actual servicio de la Republica' (treating them 'para todos los efectos como nacidos en el territorio chileno'), whereas No3 conditioned the nationality of OTHER children of Chileans born abroad on avecindamiento ('por el solo hecho de avecindarse por mas de un ano en Chile'); Ley 20.050 Art 1 No4 a)-b) then ELIMINATED No2 ('Eliminase el numero 2.o') and SUBSTITUTED No3 ('Sustituyese el numero 3.o'); (iii) naturalization by carta and by grace (Art 10 No4/No5); and (iv) the route's signature feature, LOSS by automatic operation upon voluntary foreign naturalization, under the pre-reform Art 11 No1, which Ley 20.050 Art 1 No5 a) SUBSTITUTED with the modern voluntary-renunciation rule, together with Art 11 No3, which the same reform DEROGATED (Art 1 No5 b) 'Derogase el numero 3.o'). The pre-2005 1980-original wording of Art 10 No2 (the 'actual servicio' rule), Art 10 No3 (the avecindamiento-descent condition) and Art 11 No1 (auto-loss on foreign naturalization) is now decoded verbatim in CL-PRIMARY-01b (Constitucion pre-2005 verbatim); its substance is corroborated by the amending actions of Ley 20.050 and the demonstrated 1925 lineage. As of 2026-07-05 this regime is historical, not the governing text.

Three institutional layers bear on CL-HIS-03. (i) Origin of the pre-reform text: the Junta de Gobierno, exercising 'potestad constituyente', approved the Constitution by Decreto Ley No 3.464 of 8 August 1980 ('APRUEBA NUEVA CONSTITUCION POLITICA.. y la somete a ratificacion por plebiscito'; CL-PRIMARY-01c encabezado); the nationality chapter bears D.O. 24.10.1980. (ii) Abolition: Ley 20.050 was approved by the Congreso Nacional and promulgated by the President, sponsored by the Ministerio Secretaria General de la Presidencia (SEGPRES) (CL-PRIMARY-02 encabezado), D.O. 26.08.2005; the President then fixed the texto refundido by DS 100/2005. (iii) Adjudication: the Corte Suprema, sitting en pleno y como jurado, is the constitutional authority on deprivation/denial of nationality via Art 12 (CL-PRIMARY-01c Art 12). Carta grants remained with the President and Minister of the Interior under DFL 5.142 throughout the era (CL-PRIMARY-05).