DL 1094/1975 משטר הגירה ומגורים (מבוטל 2022)

DL 1094 sorted foreigners into four entry qualities: "Los extranjeros podrán ingresar a Chile en calidad de turistas, residentes, residentes oficiales e inmigrantes" (CL-PRIMARY-06 Art 4; inmigrantes were separately governed by DFL 69/1953). Within "residente" the statute enumerated sub-categories: residente oficial (accredited diplomatic/consular/international-organization personnel, Art 19), residente sujeto a contrato (foreign workers under an employment contract, Art 23), residente estudiante (Art 27), residente temporario (family ties, interests, or residence deemed useful/advantageous to the country, Art 29), and residente con asilo político or refugiado (Art 34, Art 34 bis). Each category carried its own path to permanencia definitiva — "el permiso concedido a los extranjeros para radicarse indefinidamente en el país y desarrollar cualquier clase de actividades" (CL-PRIMARY-06 Art 41): contract residents could request it after two years (Art 23 inc final); student residents at the end of their studies (Art 28); temporary residents could request it after one year and were OBLIGED to request it after two years (Art 31: "si completare dos años de residencia en Chile, estará obligado a solicitarla"); asylees/refugees after two years (Art 37). Minors under 18 residing in Chile depended on a parent/guardian to obtain their visas and prórrogas (Art 14).

Entry required a visación — "el permiso otorgado por la autoridad competente, estampado en un pasaporte válido" (CL-PRIMARY-06 Art 5) — resolved by the Ministerio del Interior, save consular/official visas resolved by the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores (Art 6). Residence periods counting toward permanencia definitiva had to be uninterrupted, though absences of up to 180 days per year did not break continuity (Art 42). Once granted, permanencia definitiva was "tácitamente revocada" if its holder was absent from Chile for a continuous period exceeding ONE year, absent a regulated exception (Art 43) — materially shorter than the two-year revocation window later fixed by Ley 21.325 Art 83 for residencia definitiva. Foreigners over 18 had to register with the Servicio de Investigaciones within 30 days of entry (Art 52) and obtain a cédula de identidad, valid five years for permanencia-definitiva holders (Art 53). Visa/permanencia refusals and revocations followed Arts 62-67. Expulsion issued by reasoned decreto supremo signed "Por orden del Presidente de la República" (Art 84); the affected foreigner could reclaim before the Corte Suprema within 24 hours, decided "breve y sumariamente" within 5 days, with suspensive effect (Art 89).

Decreto Ley 1.094 ("Establece Normas sobre Extranjeros en Chile") was dictated by the H. Junta de Gobierno de la República de Chile, Ministerio del Interior, Santiago, 14 de Julio de 1975: "La H. Junta de Gobierno de la República de Chile, ha acordado hoy lo siguiente:.. Decreto ley: TITULO I De los extranjeros" (CL-PRIMARY-06, encabezado). Its scope clause fixed the field it occupied: "El ingreso al país, la residencia, la permanencia definitiva, el egreso, el reingreso, la expulsión y el control de los extranjeros se regirán por el presente decreto ley" (CL-PRIMARY-06 Art 1). DL 1094 is NOT and never was a nationality statute; it regulated the migratory status of foreigners as an administrative gateway, distinct from the naturalization grant governed by DFL 5.142/1960 (CL-NAT-01). On enactment it repealed prior migration law: "Deróganse las leyes N° 3.446, de 1918, y N° 13.353, de 1959, con sus respectivos reglamentos" (CL-PRIMARY-06 Art 96). It was itself repealed by the 2022 migration overhaul: "Derógase el decreto ley Nº 1.094, de 1975, del Ministerio del Interior, que establece normas sobre extranjeros en Chile" (CL-PRIMARY-03, Ley 21.325 Art 175 Nº1; cf. ).

Administering authority: Ministerio del Interior (CL-PRIMARY-06 Art 91), acting through the Departamento de Extranjería — renamed "Departamento de Extranjería y Migración" by the decree-law itself (Art 92) — for direct application of DL 1094 and its reglamento. Field application delegated to Intendentes Regionales and Gobernadores Provinciales (Arts 74, 79, 91 Nº10). Border control, entry/exit supervision, and the foreigner registry vested in the Dirección General de Investigaciones (Art 10), assisted where absent by Carabineros de Chile and, at maritime ports, by the Autoridad Marítima (Art 10 inc 2). Diplomatic/official visas issued by the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores (Art 6). The Corte Suprema held exclusive jurisdiction over the Art 89 expulsion-reclamation. From 2022-02-12 these functions passed to the Servicio Nacional de Migraciones (SERMIG) under Ley 21.325 (cf. CL-RES-01, CL-NAT-01).