Revogação da nacionalidade de graça por lei

Who is exposed to this ground (and what triggers it). By its own terms Art. 11 Nº4 revokes 'la nacionalización concedida por gracia', so ONLY persons who hold Chilean nationality by special grace under Art. 10 Nº4 ('Los que obtuvieren especial gracia de nacionalización por ley') are within its reach. Nationals by birth/jus soli (Art. 10 Nº1), by descent (Nº2) and by carta de nacionalización (Nº3) are categorically outside it — each of the other loss grounds is bucket-specific (Nº3 cancellation reaches carta holders; Nº2 reaches any Chilean who serves enemies in a foreign war; Nº1 is self-triggered renunciation). The 'trigger' here is neither an administrative finding nor a criminal conviction: it is the enactment of a revoking ley. Critically, the Constitution enumerates NO substantive grounds or conditions for when a grace revocation is warranted — unlike carta cancellation, which DFL 5.142 Art. 8 confines to a carta 'concedida con infracción a lo dispuesto en el artículo 3.o', supervening 'ocurrencias que hagan indigno al poseedor', or conviction under Ley 12.927. For grace revocation the constitutional text supplies only the instrument ('por ley'); the substantive criteria are left to the legislature, bounded solely by higher norms (ACHR guarantees, general constitutional principles). Because a grace grant is itself an individualised statute naming its beneficiary, the class exposed to CL-LOS-04 is correspondingly narrow and named rather than open-ended.

Route CL-LOS-04 is the loss of Chilean nationality by a statute (ley) that revokes a nationality previously granted by special grace. The operative text is the Constitution (CPR 1980, texto refundido vigente) Art. 11 Nº4: 'Por ley que revoque la nacionalización concedida por gracia' — loss '[b]y a law that revokes the naturalisation granted by grace'. It is one of the four closed-list grounds opened by the Art. 11 chapeau 'La nacionalidad chilena se pierde', sitting alongside voluntary renunciation (Nº1), supreme-decree war-service deprivation (Nº2) and carta cancellation (Nº3). The nationality it targets is that of Art. 10 Nº4: 'Los que obtuvieren especial gracia de nacionalización por ley' (those who obtain special grace of naturalisation by law). A defining structural feature is symmetry of instrument: grace is conferred 'por ley' and can be undone only 'por ley' — no administrative act suffices. The ground has been in force since the nationality chapter of the 1980 Constitution (marginal note 'CPR Art. 11º Nº 4 D.O. 24.10.1980', i.e. published 24 Oct 1980) and was NOT altered by the 2005 reform: Ley 20.050 Art. 1 Nº5 only 'Sustitúyese el número 1º' (renunciation) and 'Derógase el número 3.º' (old auto-loss), leaving the grace-revocation ground intact and merely renumbered from Nº5 (post-reform intermediate consolidation, CL-PRIMARY-01c) to Nº4 in the DS 100/2005 texto refundido. Persons who lose nationality on this ground 'sólo podrán ser rehabilitados por ley' (Art. 11, inciso final).