Конституция 1833 г
Гражданство в стране Chile
- Право на участие
- Режим гражданства. Самая ранняя расшифрованная схема чилийского гражданства (Constitución de 1925, статья 5) перечисляет четыре основания приобретения, соответствующие современному искусству. 10 цифр. (1) Jus soli с двумя исключениями и правом варианта: «Сын чиленос: 1.o Los nacidos en el territorio de Чили, con escepcion de los hijos de
- Сроки
- standard
- Отказ от гражданства
- Не требуется
Кто имеет право
The 1833 Constitution, Capítulo IV 'De los chilenos,' Art. 6 (CL-PRIMARY-17) enumerates four acquisition grounds.
(1) UNCONDITIONAL jus soli: 'Son chilenos: 1º Los nacidos en el territorio de Chile.' The 1833 text states pure, unqualified jus soli — it contains NEITHER the 'hijos de estranjeros en servicio de su Gobierno / estranjeros transeuntes' exceptions NOR the option-right that later appear in the 1925 Constitution (Art. 5 Nº1) and the current Art. 10 Nº1. Those transeúnte/diplomat exceptions and the option were LATER additions, not part of the 1833 formula (contrast CL-PRIMARY-14 Art. 5 Nº1).
(2) Descent via avecindamiento: '2º Los hijos de padre o madre chilenos, nacidos en territorio estranjero, por el sólo hecho de avecindarse en Chile,' with a second sentence deeming children of Chileans abroad 'hallándose el padre en actual servicio de la República' Chilean 'aun para los efectos en que las leies fundamentales.. requieran nacimiento en el territorio chileno.' Descent therefore REQUIRED taking up residence in Chile — the avecindamiento model later carried into the 1925 Art. 5 Nº2 and abolished for acquisition only by Ley 20.050 (2005).
(3) Naturalization by one-year residence + carta de ciudadanía: '3º Los estranjeros que, habiendo residido un año en la República, declaren ante la Municipalidad del territorio en que residen su deseo de avecindarse en Chile i soliciten carta de ciudadanía.' The 1833 threshold was ONE year's residence plus a declaration of intent before the Municipalidad — materially lighter than, and textually different from, both the later carta-with-express-renunciation of the 1925 regime and the more-than-five-year residence of DFL 5.142/1960 (residence-threshold drift traced in CL-HIS-02).
(4) Special grace by Congreso: '4º Los que obtengan especial gracia de naturalización por el Congreso' — textually continuous with the modern Art. 10 Nº4 gracia route.
No means-of-subsistence or literacy threshold is stated in Art. 6 for descent, naturalization, or grace; the active-citizenship conditions (age 21, literacy, electoral registration) sit separately in Art. 8.
Как подать заявление
Procedural and status mechanics in the 1833 text (CL-PRIMARY-17).
Naturalization procedure (Art. 7): 'A la Municipalidad del departamento de la residencia de los individuos que no hayan nacido en Chile, corresponde declarar si están o nó en el caso de obtener naturalizacion con arreglo al inciso 3.º del artículo anterior. En vista de la declaración favorable de la Municipalidad respectiva, el Presidente de la República espedirá la correspondiente carta de naturaleza.' The Municipalidad of the applicant's departamento made the eligibility declaration; on a favourable declaration the President issued the carta de naturaleza — a two-step municipal-then-Presidential mechanic that predates the purely executive DFL 5.142/1960 grant.
Active citizenship (Art. 8): 'Son ciudadanos activos con derecho de sufrajio los chilenos que hubieren cumplido veintiun años de edad, que sepan leer i escribir i estén inscritos en los rejistros electorales del departamento' — age 21, literacy, and electoral registration.
Loss of citizenship (Art. 11): 'Se pierde la ciudadanía: 1º Por condena a pena aflictiva o infamante; 2º Por quiebra fraudulenta; 3º Por naturalización en país extranjero; 4º Por admitir empleos, funciones, o pensiones de un Gobierno estranjero sin especial permiso del Congreso.' The third ground (foreign naturalization) is the direct 1833 ancestor of the 1925 Art. 6 Nº1 and the pre-2005 auto-loss rule (CL-HIS-03). Rehabilitation ran to the Senate: 'Los que por una de las causas mencionadas en este artículo hubieren perdido la calidad de ciudadanos, podrán impetrar rehabilitación del Senado' — a legislative-chamber restoration echoed in the current Art. 11 inciso final 'sólo podrán ser rehabilitados por ley' (CL-RSP-01). NOTE (terminology): the 1833 charter did not yet cleanly separate 'nacionalidad' from 'ciudadanía' — it speaks of 'carta de ciudadanía' (Art. 6 Nº3), 'carta de naturaleza' (Art. 7) and loss of 'ciudadanía' (Art. 11); the modern nacionalidad/ciudadanía split postdates 1833.
Правовая основа
CL-HIS-01 documents Chile's earliest constitutional nationality regime under the Constitución Política de la República de Chile promulgada el 25 de mayo de 1833 (CL-PRIMARY-17, decoded verbatim from LeyChile). The 1833 charter — itself a reform of the Constitución de 1828 — fixed Chilean nationality in Capítulo IV 'De los chilenos' (Art. 6), the naturalization procedure in Art. 7, active citizenship in Art. 8, and loss of citizenship in Art. 11; its promulgation date is stated in the charter's own closing formula ('Dado en la sala principal de mi despacho en Santiago de Chile, a veinticinco de mayo del año de mil ochocientos treinta i tres'). This is the earliest FULLY decoded Chilean nationality text and anchors the 1833->1925 constitutional-era boundary (Era_Map CL-ERA-02, window W1, 1833-05-25 to 1925-09-18). The 1925 Constitution's preamble independently corroborates the 1833 date, reciting that it was adopted to 'reformar la Constitución Política promulgada el 25 de mayo de 1833 y sus modificaciones posteriores' (CL-PRIMARY-14, encabezado). This route is distinct from CL-HIS-02 (the 1925 Constitution's operative era and the DL 747/1925 -> DFL 5.142/1960 naturalization statute) and is superseded definitively by the Constitución de 1980 (CPR Art. 10, D.O. 24.10.1980). As of 2026-07-05 this regime is historical.
Компетентный орган
Municipalidad: under Art. 7 the Municipalidad of the applicant's departamento declared whether a foreigner met the Art. 6 Nº3 naturalization conditions — the intake/eligibility organ of the 1833 regime (CL-PRIMARY-17 Art. 7).
Presidente de la República: on a favourable municipal declaration, issued the carta de naturaleza (Art. 7) — the executive grant act, ancestor of the modern DFL 5.142 Art. 1 Presidential decree (CL-PRIMARY-05 Art. 1).
Congreso: the exclusive organ for special gracia de naturalización ('por el Congreso,' Art. 6 Nº4).
Senado: the organ for rehabilitation after loss of citizenship ('podrán impetrar rehabilitación del Senado,' Art. 11) — restoration was a legislative-chamber act, echoed today in rehabilitation 'por ley' (current Art. 11 inciso final; CL-RSP-01).
No administrative registry, Corte-Suprema reclamation, or ministerial-countersignature mechanic is stated in the 1833 nationality articles; all are later developments — the Corte Suprema carta-cancellation recurso first appears in the 1925 Art. 6, and the ministerial countersignature ('en decreto refrendado por el Ministro del Interior.. Por orden del Presidente') first appears in DL 747/1925 Art. 1 (CL-PRIMARY-18 Art. 1).
Примеры сценариев
Примеры сценариев приведены на английском языке.
NOT LEGALLY RESOLVED (CL-NLR-HIS01-1833TEXT-01) — the 1833 nationality chapter is not decoded; its exact wording cannot be asserted
The Constitución de 1833's own nationality chapter is not present in the decoded primary corpus; only its existence and promulgation date (25 May 1833) are confirmed, via the 1925 Constitution's preamble reciting that it reformed 'la Constitución Política promulgada el 25 de mayo de 1833' (CL-PRIMARY-14 encabezado; CL-ASSERT-028). The 1925 text is used only as the earliest verified proxy, not a stand-in for the 1833 text. Severity LOW/non-blocking — do not assert the 1833 verbatim wording as fact.
The 1924 birth falls under the 1833-era regime (window W1); the 1926 birth under the 1925 Constitution regime (window W2)
The 1925 Constitution was promulgated 'Santiago, 18 de setiembre de 1925' and entered into force 30 days after publication in the Diario Oficial (Disposición transitoria Décima; CL-ASSERT-029). The 1833->1925 boundary is fixed via the 1925 preamble (CL-ASSERT-028). Thus a 1924 birth is governed by the pre-1925 (1833-era) regime, and a 1926 birth by the 1925 regime. Era anchoring; the exact 1833 wording remains NLR.
The jus-soli baseline existed and is textually continuous; but the exact pre-1925 (1833) wording is NLR
The jus-soli principle with the two exceptions (foreign-Government service; transient foreigners) is demonstrably continuous across the 1925 and 1980 constitutions (CL-ASSERT-009, CL-ASSERT-032), with the 1925 Art 5 Nº1 text as the earliest verified anchor. For a 1922 birth (1833 era) the exact governing wording is not decoded, so it must not be asserted verbatim (CL-NLR-HIS01-1833TEXT-01).
Under the 1925 text the child could 'optar entre la nacionalidad de sus padres y la chilena' (a binary election) — distinct from today's opt-in
The 1925 Const. Art 5 Nº1 framed the option as a binary election 'entre la nacionalidad de sus padres y la chilena' (CL-ASSERT-021), unlike the current opt-in wording 'podrán optar por la nacionalidad chilena.' The wording narrowed only with the 1980 Constitution. Historical characterization; not operative today.
NOT LEGALLY RESOLVED — DL 747/1925 is not in the decoded corpus; its granting mechanics prior to the 1960 DFL 5.142 consolidation are not independently verified
DL 747/1925 — the statute operationalizing the 1925 Constitution's naturalization/option delegation (Art 5 inciso final) — is not present in the decoded primary corpus; it is referenced only via Era_Map CL-ERA-03/CL-ERA-04 summaries (CL-HIS-01 nlr_flags). Its granting mechanics before the DFL 5.142/1960 consolidation cannot be asserted. Do not state 1935 procedural detail as fact.
Информационная сводка, составленная по первичным правовым источникам, — не является юридической консультацией. Законы о гражданстве меняются; проверьте в компетентном органе, прежде чем действовать. Последняя проверка: 2026-07-06.
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