Лишение верховным указом — служение врагам в чужой войне
Гражданство в стране Chile
- Право на участие
- Для маршрута потерь «правомочность» означает существенные причины лишения. Дословное основание (статья 11 №2: «en caso de prestación de servicios durante una guerra external a enemigos de Чили o de sus aliados») имеет три совокупных текстовых элемента, которые должны совпадать: (1) «prestación de servici
- Сроки
- standard
- Отказ от гражданства
- Не требуется
Правовая основа
CL-LOS-02 is the deprivation-of-nationality ground in the Constitution, Art. 11 Nº2. The current consolidated text (texto refundido DS 100/2005, decoded primary CL-PRIMARY-01, marginal note «CPR Art. 11º Nº 2 D.O. 24.10.1980») provides, under the chapeau «Artículo 11.- La nacionalidad chilena se pierde:», that nationality is lost «2º.- Por decreto supremo, en caso de prestación de servicios durante una guerra exterior a enemigos de Chile o de sus aliados;». This is one of the four grounds on the closed list of Art. 11 (renuncia Nº1; war-service Nº2; cancelación de la carta Nº3; revocación de la gracia Nº4). Unlike Nº1 (voluntary renunciation), Nº2 is an INVOLUNTARY deprivation effected by the executive through a decreto supremo. Critically, the text imposes no limitation by mode of acquisition: it reaches every Chilean — by birth (Art. 10 Nº1), descent (Nº2), carta (Nº3) or grace (Nº4) alike — in contrast to Nº3 (carta-holders only) and Nº4 (grace-nationals only). The ground has been continuously in force since the nationality chapter of the 1980 Constitution was published D.O. 24.10.1980. As of 2026-07-04 it remains operative and was left textually untouched by the 2005 reform: Ley 20.050 (CL-PRIMARY-02, Art. 1º Nº5) substituted Nº1 and derogated the old Nº3 but did not amend Nº2. The numeral label «Nº2» is the only Art. 11 loss ground whose number never shifted across the pre-2005 and post-2005 numbering.
Компетентный орган
Primary constitutional authorities (CL-PRIMARY-01 texto refundido / CL-PRIMARY-01c): Art. 11 chapeau «La nacionalidad chilena se pierde:»; Art. 11 Nº2 (the war-service deprivation ground, marginal «D.O. 24.10.1980»); Art. 11 inciso final (rehabilitación sólo por ley); Art. 12 (reclamación ante la Corte Suprema); Art. 17 Nº1 (consequential loss of citizenship). Amending instrument: Ley 20.050/2005 (CL-PRIMARY-02, Art. 1º Nº5) — establishes that Nº2 was left unamended while Nº1 was substituted and old Nº3 derogated. Historical antecedent: 1925 Constitution Art. 6 Nº3 (CL-PRIMARY-14). International instrument: American Convention on Human Rights, Art. 20 and Art. 27.2, internal law by Decreto 873/1990 (CL-PRIMARY-08). Institutional actors: the Presidente de la República (issues the decreto supremo); the Corte Suprema en tribunal pleno (Art. 12 review); the Congreso Nacional (sole organ able to rehabilitate by law). No implementing regulation for Nº2 is present in the decoded corpus. Quarantined / not used: CL-PRIMARY-09 (TC Rol 8141-2020) is a criminal matter, not a nationality authority. Temporal qualifier: as of 2026-07-04.
Примеры сценариев
Примеры сценариев приведены на английском языке.
CL-LOS-02 may be triggered — deprivation by decreto supremo; but the implementing procedure is NLR
Const. Art 11 Nº2 makes nationality lost 'por decreto supremo, en caso de prestación de servicios durante una guerra exterior a enemigos de Chile o de sus aliados.' All three cumulative elements are met — prestación de servicios, guerra exterior, enemigos de Chile (CL-ASSERT-072). As a dual national he is not left stateless. But no decoded implementing statute defines the procedure, evidentiary standard, or the terms 'guerra exterior/enemigos/aliados' (CL-NLR-LOS02-PROC-01). Involuntary; any decree is reviewable via Art 12.
CL-LOS-02 does NOT apply — 'guerra exterior' excludes internal/civil conflict
Const. Art 11 Nº2 requires a 'guerra exterior' (foreign war). The 1980 Constitution deliberately narrowed the 1925 antecedent 'durante una guerra' by inserting 'exterior' (CL-PRIMARY-14 Art 6 Nº3; CL-LOS-02 era_context), so internal or civil conflict falls outside the ground. No deprivation on this basis.
CL-LOS-02 does NOT apply — services were rendered to an ALLY, not to enemies of Chile or its allies
Const. Art 11 Nº2 targets 'prestación de servicios ... a enemigos de Chile o de sus aliados.' The recipient-of-services element is unmet where the service benefits an ally rather than an enemy (CL-ASSERT-072). No deprivation ground arises. Disconfirms the assumption that any wartime foreign military service triggers loss.
UNRESOLVED (CL-NLR-LOS02-STATELESS-01) — whether a decreto supremo may render a mono-national stateless is not settled
Unlike Art 11 Nº1, the Art 11 Nº2 war-service ground carries no anti-statelessness proviso. But ACHR Art 20 ('A nadie se privará arbitrariamente de su nacionalidad') is non-derogable even 'en caso de guerra' (Art 27.2; CL-ASSERT-091, CL-ASSERT-092), internal Chilean law since Decreto 873/1990. The conservative reading treats the omission as deliberate; the liberal reading reads it down through the ACHR. The primary texts do not resolve it — do not assert either way.
Art 12 reclamation (CL-RCL-01) is available — suspensive; Corte Suprema en pleno como jurado; 30-day term
A Nº2 decree is an 'acto o resolución de autoridad administrativa' within Art 12's scope (CL-ASSERT-082). The affected person may recur within the fatal 30-day term to the Corte Suprema, which decides 'como jurado y en tribunal pleno,' and 'la interposición del recurso suspenderá los efectos del acto o resolución recurridos' (CL-ASSERT-080, CL-ASSERT-081), preserving nationality pending judgment. Rehabilitation otherwise only por ley.
Информационная сводка, составленная по первичным правовым источникам, — не является юридической консультацией. Законы о гражданстве меняются; проверьте в компетентном органе, прежде чем действовать. Последняя проверка: 2026-07-06.
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