Вступление в ЕС Гражданство ЕС (на рассмотрении)
Гражданство в стране Montenegro
- Право на участие
- После вступления в ЕС (кандидат; переговоры продолжаются, целевые рамки) граждане Черногории станут гражданами ЕС (TFEU Art 20). ОЖИДАЕТСЯ — оперативного эффекта сегодня нет; только окно W8.
- Отказ от гражданства
- Не требуется
Правовая основа
The legal basis is EU primary law and the EU-Montenegro association/accession framework — there is NO Montenegrin statute that confers EU citizenship, by design. Operative EU source: TFEU Art 20(1): 'Citizenship of the Union is hereby established. Every person holding the nationality of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union. Citizenship of the Union shall be additional to and not replace national citizenship.' TFEU Art 20(2) enumerates the rights attaching to Union citizenship (free movement and residence, electoral rights in the Member State of residence for European and municipal elections, diplomatic/consular protection by other Member States, petition to the European Parliament and recourse to the Ombudsman). The decisive doctrinal point is the DERIVATIVE structure: Union citizenship is determined solely by holding 'the nationality of a Member State', and under settled EU law the determination of who is a national of a State is a matter for that State (to be exercised with due regard to EU law) — so the EU does not, and on accession would not, override Montenegro's own Law on Montenegrin Citizenship as the source of nationality. Association framework: the Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) between the EU and its Member States and Montenegro has been in force since 1 May 2010 (concluded by Council Decision 2010/224/EU, Euratom). The SAA governs the EU-Montenegro association relationship and the accession framework, but it does NOT confer EU citizenship or any nationality right — it is the legal scaffold of the pending accession track, not a citizenship instrument. Accession mechanism (TEU Art 49): a European State that respects and promotes the EU's values may apply to join; accession is by an Accession Treaty concluded between the Member States and the applicant, ratified by all, on which EU citizenship for the new State's nationals becomes effective at entry into force. Status: Montenegro applied in 2008, candidate status 2010, negotiations opened 2012; the EU citizenship trigger is the future entry into force of an accession treaty.
Примеры сценариев
Примеры сценариев приведены на английском языке.
not eligible — no EU citizenship exists for Montenegrin nationals today; Montenegro is a candidate, not a Member State
EU citizenship is DERIVATIVE of and contingent on EU MEMBERSHIP (TFEU Art 20: every national of a Member State is a Union citizen) (ME-ASSERT-102). Montenegro is an EU candidate / acceding State, NOT a Member State; accession negotiations opened in 2012 remain ongoing as of 2026, with no accession treaty signed and no entry-into-force date set (ME-ASSERT-104). Therefore no EU-citizenship pathway exists for Montenegrin nationals now (operative_today: false; window W8 only).
conditional (prospective) — nothing on the EU side; her only actionable step is to acquire/retain Montenegrin nationality domestically
There is no EU-side application, fee, residence test or qualifying period: once (and only once) an accession treaty enters into force, EVERY Montenegrin national becomes a Union citizen AUTOMATICALLY by operation of TFEU Art 20 (ME-ASSERT-102). The sole operative eligibility test is the DOMESTIC one — being a Montenegrin national under the Law (acquisition Arts 4-18; not lost under Arts 19-25). Her actionable step is to secure/retain Montenegrin nationality; it would convert to derivative EU citizenship if and when accession completes.
not eligible (for the EU benefit) — Montenegrin citizenship does not confer EU citizenship while Montenegro remains outside the EU
EU citizenship is purely additional to and parasitic on Member-State nationality (TFEU Art 20: 'additional to and not replace national citizenship'), so it cannot exist for Montenegrin nationals until Montenegro is a Member State (ME-ASSERT-102). The Stabilisation and Association Agreement (in force since 1 May 2010) governs the association/accession relationship but confers NO EU citizenship or nationality right (ME-ASSERT-103). Acquiring Montenegrin citizenship today yields no EU citizenship or automatic Schengen rights.
conditional (prospective) / eligible-on-trigger — yes, automatically by operation of TFEU Art 20 on the future entry into force of an accession treaty
On the future entry into force of an accession treaty concluded under TEU Art 49, every person holding Montenegrin nationality on/after the accession date becomes a Union citizen AUTOMATICALLY, ex lege, by TFEU Art 20 — no separate EU application, fee, residence test or qualifying period (ME-ASSERT-102/104). The trigger is a single future treaty event with no set date as of 2026, so the benefit is contingent (window W8). Who qualifies remains determined solely by Montenegro's domestic nationality law, which accession would leave to Montenegro's exclusive competence.
Информационная сводка, составленная по первичным правовым источникам, — не является юридической консультацией. Законы о гражданстве меняются; проверьте в компетентном органе, прежде чем действовать. Последняя проверка: 2026-06-27.
Следите за изменениями по этому пути
Правила происхождения и натурализации меняются. Мы пришлём вам письмо понятным языком, когда обновится что-либо, влияющее на Montenegro, — без спама.