Estatuto do Estrangeiro Lei 6.815/1980

Statutory synthesis: Lei 6.815/1980 — a xenophobic military-era framework governing foreigners from 1980 to 2017; repealed by Lei 13.445/2017.

Governing statutes: Lei 6.815/1980 and DL 941/1969 (Decree-Law 941 of 1969).

Status as of 2026-05-17: claims under this route are assessed within the post-1988 "New Republic" framework and the subsequent reform era, including — where applicable — the dual-nationality relaxation and reacquisition regime introduced by EC 131/2023 (Constitutional Amendment 131 of 2023).

Key sources: the 1988 Federal Constitution (CF/88); Lei 818/1949 (the 1949 nationality law); Lei 6.815/1980; and the historical constitutions of 1891, 1934, 1937, 1946 and 1967.

Broader legal architecture (1988 Constitution + 2017 Migration Law, as of 2026): The Federal Constitution of 1988-10-05, Art 12, establishes a tripartite taxonomy: natural-born Brazilians (Art 12 I a/b/c), naturalized Brazilians (Art 12 II a/b), and indigenous peoples under a sui generis statute (ADCT Art 68 for quilombola communities — a four-layer framework: CF Art 215/216; Decreto 4.887/2003; ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, ratified and promulgated through Decreto 5.051/2004; and INCRA Portarias 57/2009, 128/2022 and 130/2023). In the contemporary legal architecture, Lei 13.445/2017 (the Migration Law, in force since 2017-11-21) repealed Lei 6.815/1980 (the dictatorship-era Foreigners' Statute), with Decreto 9.199/2017 as its implementing regulation; Lei 818/1949 (the original naturalization framework) is partially repealed. The constitutional reform EC 131/2023 of 2023-09-22 (a dual-relaxation constitutional amendment) broadened dual nationality under Art 12 §4 II. Portaria MJ 623/2020 — not the revoked Portaria 11/2018 — regulates ordinary naturalization. The STF's final "Marco Temporal" (temporal-landmark) ruling of 19/12/2025 (ADC 87 together with ADIs 7582/7583/7586, Justice Gilmar Mendes as rapporteur) held the temporal-landmark doctrine inapplicable to indigenous lands, and STF Tema 1.253 of 12/03/2026 (RE 1163774, Justice Cármen Lúcia as rapporteur) consolidated the post-landmark doctrine. The Lusophone arrangements form a triple layer: (1) the Brazil–Portugal Treaty of Friendship of 2000; (2) the Equality Statute promulgated by Decreto 3.927/2001; and (3) the Brazil–Spain Nationality Convention of 1957 (Decreto 41.535/1957). At the apex of the judiciary, the Supreme Federal Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal, STF) exercises concentrated constitutional review under Art 102; the Superior Court of Justice (Superior Tribunal de Justiça, STJ) ensures uniform application of federal law under Art 105; and the five regional Federal Courts of Appeal (TRFs) hear administrative appeals. PEC 48/2025 (a proposed constitutional amendment, Congress versus the STF) is still pending in the legislature.

Governing statutes: Lei 6.815/1980 and DL 941/1969 (Decree-Law 941 of 1969).

Detailed criteria — cumulative, by historical cohort:

• (a) birth or acquisition of nationality within the specific temporal window of the constitution then in force: CF 1891 Art 69 (the "great naturalization") / CF 1934 Art 106 / CF 1937 Art 115 / CF 1946 Art 129 / CF 1967 Art 140 together with EC 1/1969 (Constitutional Amendment 1 of 1969);
• (b) the operative framework of Lei 818/1949 (the 1949 nationality law), in force 1949–2017;
• (c) Lei 6.815/1980, the Foreigners' Statute, in force 1980–2017 (repealed by Lei 13.445/2017);
• (d) a declaratory title (título declaratório) may be sought at any time under Lei 818/1949 Art 6.

Key sources: the 1988 Federal Constitution (CF/88); Lei 818/1949; Lei 6.815/1980; and the historical constitutions of 1891, 1934, 1937, 1946 and 1967.

Broader legal architecture (1988 Constitution + 2017 Migration Law, as of 2026): The Federal Constitution of 1988-10-05, Art 12, establishes a tripartite taxonomy: natural-born Brazilians (Art 12 I a/b/c), naturalized Brazilians (Art 12 II a/b), and indigenous peoples under a sui generis statute (ADCT Art 68 for quilombola communities — a four-layer framework: CF Art 215/216; Decreto 4.887/2003; ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, ratified and promulgated through Decreto 5.051/2004; and INCRA Portarias 57/2009, 128/2022 and 130/2023). In the contemporary legal architecture, Lei 13.445/2017 (the Migration Law, in force since 2017-11-21) repealed Lei 6.815/1980 (the dictatorship-era Foreigners' Statute), with Decreto 9.199/2017 as its implementing regulation; Lei 818/1949 (the original naturalization framework) is partially repealed. The constitutional reform EC 131/2023 of 2023-09-22 (a dual-relaxation constitutional amendment) broadened dual nationality under Art 12 §4 II. Portaria MJ 623/2020 — not the revoked Portaria 11/2018 — regulates ordinary naturalization. The STF's final "Marco Temporal" (temporal-landmark) ruling of 19/12/2025 (ADC 87 together with ADIs 7582/7583/7586, Justice Gilmar Mendes as rapporteur) held the temporal-landmark doctrine inapplicable to indigenous lands, and STF Tema 1.253 of 12/03/2026 (RE 1163774, Justice Cármen Lúcia as rapporteur) consolidated the post-landmark doctrine. The Lusophone arrangements form a triple layer: (1) the Brazil–Portugal Treaty of Friendship of 2000; (2) the Equality Statute promulgated by Decreto 3.927/2001; and (3) the Brazil–Spain Nationality Convention of 1957 (Decreto 41.535/1957). At the apex of the judiciary, the Supreme Federal Court (STF) exercises concentrated constitutional review under Art 102; the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) ensures uniform application of federal law under Art 105; and the five regional Federal Courts of Appeal (TRFs) hear administrative appeals. PEC 48/2025 (a proposed constitutional amendment, Congress versus the STF) is still pending in the legislature.

Por framework constitucional: (a) CF 1891 Art 69 grande naturalização Decreto 13/12/1889 — verificar registros até 16/07/1934; (b) CF 1934 Art 106 / 1937 Art 115 / 1946 Art 129 — cohort Vargas+Estado-Novo+2ª República; (c) CF 1967 Art 140 + EC 1/1969 — Regime Militar wholesale-replaced 1988; (d) Lei 818/1949 framework operativo 1949-2017; (e) Lei 6.815/1980 Estatuto do Estrangeiro 1980-2017 (revogada Lei 13.445/2017).

Para BR-IT Convenção 1934 (AR-HIS-06): status atual verificar denúncia OR superseção pelo regime EC 131/2023.

[Apex Anchors — BR Constitucional 1988 + Lei de Migração 2017 Architecture v2026]: Constituição Federal 1988-10-05 Art 12 estabelece taxonomia tripartite brasileiros natos (Art 12 I a/b/c) + brasileiros naturalizados (Art 12 II a/b) + indígenas com Estatuto sui generis (ADCT Art 68 quilombolas — 4-layer framework: CF Art 215/216 + Decreto 4.887/2003 + ILO 169 Convenção sobre Povos Indígenas e Tribais ratificada via Decreto 5.051/2004 + Portarias INCRA 57/2009 + 128/2022 + 130/2023). Arquitetura legal contemporânea: Lei 13.445/2017 (Lei de Migração, EIF 2017-11-21) revogou Lei 6.815/1980 (Estatuto do Estrangeiro Era Ditatorial); Decreto 9.199/2017 (Regulamento). Lei 818/1949 (Naturalização originária) parcialmente revogada. Reforma EC 131/2023-09-22 (Emenda Constitucional dual-relaxation) ampliou dupla nacionalidade Art 12 §4 II. Portaria MJ 623/2020 (NOT 11/2018 — caught BR cascade) regulamenta naturalização ordinária. Marco Temporal STF Final 19/12/2025 (ADC 87 + ADIs 7582/7583/7586 Rel Min Gilmar Mendes — NOT Edson Fachin ) definiu inaplicabilidade marco temporal a terras indígenas. Tema 1.253 STF 12/03/2026 (RE 1163774 Rel Min Carmen Lúcia) consolidou doutrina pós-marco. Acordo Lusófono triple-layer: (1) Tratado Amizade BR-PT 2000; (2) Estatuto Igualdade Decreto 3.927/2001; (3) Convenção sobre Nacionalidade BR-ES 1957 (Decreto 41.535/1957). Apex jurisdicional: STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal) — controle concentrado constitucionalidade Art 102; STJ (Superior Tribunal de Justiça) — uniformização lei federal Art 105; TRFs (5 regionais) — apelações administrativas. PEC 48/2025 (Congresso vs STF) ainda em tramitação.

Sub-constitutional layer: Lei 13.445/2017 (the Migration Law), which repealed Lei 818/1949 and Lei 6.815/1980; Decreto 9.199/2017 (its implementing regulation), which repealed Decreto 86.715/1981 and Decreto 88.155/1986; and Portaria MJ 623/2020 (Ministry of Justice ordinance) — not Portaria 11/2018, which was revoked.

Bilateral layer: the Brazil–Portugal Treaty of Friendship signed at Porto Seguro on 2000-04-22 (not a "2002 Lusophone Agreement"), promulgated in Brazil by Decreto 3.927/2001 and in Portugal by Decreto-Lei 154/2003; the CPLP Mobility Agreement (Community of Portuguese Language Countries) signed at Luanda on 2021-07-17, promulgated by Decreto 11.156/2022 of 29/07/2022; the MERCOSUR Residence Agreement signed at Brasília on 5-6/12/2002, in force for Brazil from 28/07/2009, with Decreto 6.964/2009 and Decreto 6.975/2009; and the Brazil–Spain Nationality Convention (Decreto 41.535/1957).

International layer: ILO Convention 169 (Indigenous and Tribal Peoples) — ratified 25/07/2002, approved by DLeg 143/2002 (legislative decree), promulgated by Decreto 5.051/2004, and in force for Brazil from 25/07/2003; UNDRIP 2007 (UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples); the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified by Brazil; ICCPR Art 24.3 (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights); the 1954 and 1961 Statelessness Conventions — approved by DLeg 274/2007, instrument deposited 25/10/2007, but promulgated only by Decreto 8.501/2015, an eight-year gap; and the 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD/CDPD), ratified with a status equivalent to a constitutional amendment under CF Art 5 §3 — the first international convention to receive that status — via DLeg 186/2008 and Decreto 6.949/2009.

Key sources: the 1988 Federal Constitution (CF/88); Lei 818/1949 (the 1949 nationality law); Lei 6.815/1980; and the historical constitutions of 1891, 1934, 1937, 1946 and 1967.

Executive (operational): the Ministry of Justice and Public Security (Ministério da Justiça e Segurança Pública, MJ), acting through its Migration Policy Coordination office under the framework of Portaria MJ 623/2020 (Ministry of Justice ordinance); the Federal Police's Department of Maritime, Airport and Border Police (Polícia Federal — Departamento de Polícia Marítima, Aeroportuária e de Fronteiras, DPMAF), which handles residence analysis and criminal-record checks; and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministério das Relações Exteriores, MRE — "Itamaraty"), whose roughly 170 operating consulates handle registrations for citizenship by descent and matters under the Brazil–Portugal Equality Statute.

Judicial: the Supreme Federal Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal, STF) exercises constitutional review under CF Art 12 (Article 12 of the 1988 Federal Constitution); the Superior Court of Justice (Superior Tribunal de Justiça, STJ) ensures uniform interpretation of sub-constitutional law; and the Federal Courts (Juízos Federais) hear the majority-age confirmation option in descent cases.

Specialist bodies for related historical matters: for indigenous and quilombola questions — the National Foundation of Indigenous Peoples (FUNAI), the National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) and the Palmares Cultural Foundation (FCP); for bilateral questions — the MRE departments handling Brazil–Portugal, CPLP (Community of Portuguese Language Countries) and Brazil–Spain relations; and, on indigenous-land questions, the STF's final "Marco Temporal" (temporal-landmark) ruling of 19/12/2025, decided in Virtual Plenary with Justice Gilmar Mendes as rapporteur.

Key sources: the 1988 Federal Constitution (CF/88); Lei 818/1949 (the 1949 nationality law); Lei 6.815/1980; and the historical constitutions of 1891, 1934, 1937, 1946 and 1967.

Master Sources Register: see 01_Sources/.json for full source inventory ({200 BR / 174 PT / 104 AR}) with T1/T2/T3 stratification + URLs + dates + verification status.

Master Sources Register highlights for BR:

• 200 sources total / T1 177 (88.5%) / T1+T2 99.5% / 20 fabrications caught at P1 ( through )
• 150 KCQs addressed / 145 resolved fully

[Apex Anchors — BR Constitucional 1988 + Lei de Migração 2017 Architecture v2026]: Constituição Federal 1988-10-05 Art 12 estabelece taxonomia tripartite brasileiros natos (Art 12 I a/b/c) + brasileiros naturalizados (Art 12 II a/b) + indígenas com Estatuto sui generis (ADCT Art 68 quilombolas — 4-layer framework: CF Art 215/216 + Decreto 4.887/2003 + ILO 169 Convenção sobre Povos Indígenas e Tribais ratificada via Decreto 5.051/2004 + Portarias INCRA 57/2009 + 128/2022 + 130/2023). Arquitetura legal contemporânea: Lei 13.445/2017 (Lei de Migração, EIF 2017-11-21) revogou Lei 6.815/1980 (Estatuto do Estrangeiro Era Ditatorial); Decreto 9.199/2017 (Regulamento). Lei 818/1949 (Naturalização originária) parcialmente revogada. Reforma EC 131/2023-09-22 (Emenda Constitucional dual-relaxation) ampliou dupla nacionalidade Art 12 §4 II. Portaria MJ 623/2020 (NOT 11/2018 — caught BR cascade) regulamenta naturalização ordinária. Marco Temporal STF Final 19/12/2025 (ADC 87 + ADIs 7582/7583/7586 Rel Min Gilmar Mendes — NOT Edson Fachin ) definiu inaplicabilidade marco temporal a terras indígenas. Tema 1.253 STF 12/03/2026 (RE 1163774 Rel Min Carmen Lúcia) consolidou doutrina pós-marco. Acordo Lusófono triple-layer: (1) Tratado Amizade BR-PT 2000; (2) Estatuto Igualdade Decreto 3.927/2001; (3) Convenção sobre Nacionalidade BR-ES 1957 (Decreto 41.535/1957). Apex jurisdicional: STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal) — controle concentrado constitucionalidade Art 102; STJ (Superior Tribunal de Justiça) — uniformização lei federal Art 105; TRFs (5 regionais) — apelações administrativas. PEC 48/2025 (Congresso vs STF) ainda em tramitação.