Изменение гражданства в связи со слиянием/разделением (1963–1965 гг.)
Гражданство в стране Singapore
- Право на участие
- При объединении с Малайзией (16 сентября 1963 г.) граждане Сингапура обладали малайзийским гражданством наряду с гражданством Сингапура; после отделения (9 августа 1965 г.) Закон о независимости Республики Сингапур 1965 года и Конституция вновь установили гражданство Сингапура. Art 136: лицо, которое отказалось от малайзийского гражданства или было лишено его до вступления в силу настоящего закона, считается утратившим гражданство Сингапура.
- Отказ от гражданства
- Не требуется
Обзор
On merger with Malaysia (16 Sep 1963) Singapore citizens held Malaysian nationality with Singapore citizenship; on separation (9 Aug 1965) the Republic of Singapore Independence Act 1965 and the Constitution re-established Singapore citizenship. Art 136: a person who had renounced or been deprived of Malaysian citizenship before commencement is deemed to have lost Singapore citizenship.
Кто имеет право
Evidence-pinned eligibility & rules:
- The Singapore Citizenship Ordinance 1957 was repealed by the Constitution; any person who immediately before 16 September 1963 was, by virtue of the 1957 Ordinance, a citizen of Singapore by birth, descent, registration or naturalisation, continued to possess that status (subject to the Constitution). A descent-eligible person whose birth had not been registered could become a citizen by descent if registered within one year (or later with permission). [Art 141(1)-(3); NLB Infopedia (1963 Constitution continuity)]
- Merger/separation legacy: where a person who was a citizen of Singapore had renounced his citizenship of Malaysia or been deprived of it by the government of Malaysia before the commencement of the Constitution, such person is deemed to have renounced or been deprived of his Singapore citizenship and to have ceased to be a citizen. (On Malaysia Day, 16 Sep 1963, Singapore citizens became Malaysian nationals; on separation in 1965 the Republic's citizenship framework took effect.) [Art 136; NLB Infopedia (Malaysia Day citizenship)]
- Notwithstanding repeal of the 1957 Ordinance, where a person who became a citizen was liable in respect of things done before 16 September 1963 to be deprived of that status under the Ordinance, the Government may by order deprive him if proceedings were begun within 2 years after that date; pre-16-September-1963 proceedings already begun under the Ordinance are continued as proceedings under the Constitution's transitional clause. [Art 141(4)-(5)]
Правовая основа
Operative authority: Constitution Art 136 + RSIA 1965 (Constitution of the Republic of Singapore, Part 10, 2020 Revised Edition). Statute pins: SG-SRC-CONST: Art 136, SG-SRC-RSIA. KCQs: Q12.2.
Примеры сценариев
Примеры сценариев приведены на английском языке.
Under Art 136, a person who was a Singapore citizen and had renounced (or been deprived of) his Malaysian citizenship before the Constitution's commencement is DEEMED to have renounced/been deprived of his Singapore citizenship and to have ceased to be a Singapore citizen. So his pre-commencement renunciation of Malaysian citizenship operates, by the deeming provision, against his claim to continuing Singapore citizenship. This is a historical/transitional merger-era rule.
Art 136 (SG-E2-031, SG-E3-026): 'Where a person who was a citizen of Singapore had renounced his citizenship of Malaysia or been deprived of his citizenship of Malaysia by the government of Malaysia before the commencement of this Constitution, such person shall be deemed to have renounced or been deprived of his citizenship of Singapore under this Constitution and to have ceased to be a citizen of Singapore.' On Malaysia Day (16 Sep 1963) Singapore citizens became Malaysian nationals (SG-SRC-045); on separation (9 Aug 1965) the Republic's framework took effect (SG-HIS-02). Windows W3 (1963 merger) → W4 (1965 independence). Historical, operative_today=false for the merger transition itself, though the deeming consequence persists for affected persons.
Her father's status carried forward. Under Art 141(2), any person who immediately before 16 September 1963 was, by virtue of the 1957 Ordinance, a Singapore citizen (by birth, descent, registration or naturalisation), continued from that date — subject to the Constitution — to possess that status. The 1957 Ordinance was repealed (Art 141(1)) but the saved status persists. Her own citizenship, however, depends on the separate birth/descent rules applicable to her, not merely on her father's carried-forward status.
Art 141(1)-(2) (SG-E2-030, SG-E1-028): the 1957 Ordinance 'is hereby repealed'; any person who immediately before 16 Sep 1963 was a citizen by virtue of that Ordinance 'shall as from that date continue, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, to possess that status.' NLB Infopedia (SG-SRC-045): all persons who were citizens as of 16 Sep 1963 continued as Singapore citizens. The father's status carries forward; the daughter's OWN citizenship turns on Art 121 (birth) or Art 122 (descent) as applicable — caution against inferring derivative status from a parent's carried-forward citizenship without the descent conditions (Art 122 registration/parent-status conditions). SG-HIS-01/HIS-02 historical bridge.
Информационная сводка, составленная по первичным правовым источникам, — не является юридической консультацией. Законы о гражданстве меняются; проверьте в компетентном органе, прежде чем действовать. Последняя проверка: 2026-06-19.
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