Argentina

Adopted child of an Argentine citizen — recognized post-natal filiation and assisted reproduction; effects on nationality follow the Código Civil y Comercial 2014, Ley 26.862/2013, and case law.

Every person born in Argentine national territory is a native-born Argentine citizen under Art 1.1 of Ley 346 and Art 75 inc 12 of the Constitution. Unconditional jus soli — no further conditions.

Children born in Argentina to foreign diplomatic agents do NOT automatically acquire Argentine citizenship — the exception to the general jus soli rule.

A child born in Argentina who would otherwise be stateless has the right to Argentine nationality under CRC Art 7 and the 1961 and 1954 Statelessness Conventions (ratified by Argentina in 2014).

An Argentine who acquires Italian nationality keeps Argentine nationality under the 1971 Italy–Argentina Dual Nationality Agreement and its 2007 Protocol — there is no automatic loss.

An Argentine who acquires Spanish nationality keeps Argentine nationality under the 1969 Spain–Argentina Dual Nationality Agreement and its 2001 Protocol — no automatic loss. The 2001 Protocol allows simultaneous exercise of rights.

An Argentine who acquires the nationality of a country WITHOUT a bilateral dual-nationality agreement may lose Argentine nationality under Art 8 of Ley 346 — read narrowly (pro homine) following CSJN case law.

Loss of citizenship for treason — an extraordinary judicial procedure. Extremely rare in practice.

Voluntary renunciation through a RENAPER procedure with a notarized deed (escritura pública). There is NO automatic loss for prolonged residence abroad.

A child of a native-born Argentine born abroad may opt for Argentine citizenship through consular registration before the Cancillería and RENAPER (Art 1.2 of Ley 346).

Italians may acquire Argentine nationality without losing Italian nationality under the 1971 Italy–Argentina Dual Nationality Agreement (Ley 20.588) and its 2007 Additional Protocol (Ley 26.228). Rights are suspended in one country until domicile is established in the country of origin.

Spaniards may acquire Argentine nationality without losing Spanish nationality under the 1969 Spain–Argentina Dual Nationality Agreement (Ley 18.957) and its 2001 Additional Protocol (Ley 25.625). The Protocol allows political and civil rights to be exercised SIMULTANEOUSLY in both countries.

A child of a native-born Argentine born abroad may be declared Argentine by option through a RENAPER procedure inside Argentina (the alternative to consular registration).

A child of a naturalized Argentine may access Argentine citizenship under Arts 1.2 and 4 of Ley 346 and CSJN case law. Specific cases require individual analysis.

Persons born in the Malvinas (Falkland Islands) to Argentine parents may register consularly under Transitional Provision 1 of the Constitution and UN Resolution 2065 (XX). The islands are administered de facto by the UK: Argentine recognition is disputed and not enforceable in UK courts or under the islands' administration — it is effective for Argentine consular registration and diaspora-recognition purposes.

Persons born in South Georgia to Argentine parents — analogous to the Malvinas consular-registration route.

Persons born in the South Sandwich Islands to Argentine parents — analogous to the Malvinas consular-registration route.

Children of native-born Argentines born abroad may register at an Argentine consulate to obtain an Argentine DNI. The procedure is operational at Argentine consulates.

A child of a native-born Argentine born abroad may opt for Argentine citizenship later in life through the RENAPER procedure in Argentina.

Spousal naturalization: the spouse of an Argentine citizen is exempt from the 2-year residence requirement (Art 2 bis of Ley 346) — see the spousal naturalization route for full conditions.

A registered cohabiting union (unión convivencial) with an Argentine under the Código Civil y Comercial 2014 may be assimilated to marriage for family-reunification purposes (Ley 25.871) — an administrative, case-by-case interpretation by the DNM.

A foreigner with 2 years of continuous residence in Argentina may naturalize. Before DNU 366/2025, jurisdiction lay with the Federal Naturalization courts (judicial); since DNU 366/2025 (Official Gazette 2025-05-29) it lies with the DNM (administrative). Requirements: residence DNI, clean criminal-record certificate, proof of domicile, and means of subsistence.

A foreigner performing voluntary military service for the country is exempt from the 2-year residence requirement (Art 2.4 of Ley 346). Naturalized citizens are exempt from service in arms for 10 years (Art 21 of the Constitution).

A foreigner who has rendered extraordinary services to the country is exempt from the 2-year requirement (Art 2 bis of Ley 346 via Ley 24.951/1998). Examples: rural teachers, doctors in vulnerable areas, scientific or artistic contributions.

The spouse of an Argentine citizen is exempt from the 2-year residence requirement (Art 2 bis of Ley 346 and Art 23 inc ñ of Ley 25.871; after DNU 366/2025, up to 3 years of temporary residence for family reunification).

A foreigner with extraordinary scientific or artistic achievements is exempt from the 2-year requirement (Art 2 bis of Ley 346 via Ley 24.951/1998).

Naturalization requires demonstrating basic knowledge of Spanish and of constitutional values through a DNM examination (introduced after DNU 366/2025).

Persons whose citizenship was cancelled, suspended, or annulled by the 1976–83 de facto government may have their full rights restored under Ley 23.059/1984 — an administrative restorative procedure.

A stateless person in Argentina may be recognized through an administrative procedure before the DNM / extended CONARE under the 1954 and 1961 Conventions (ratified by Argentina in 2014). The implementing statelessness decree remains pending verification.

Reacquisition procedure for a person who voluntarily lost Argentine citizenship — Art 9 of Ley 346 and CSJN case law.

MERCOSUR nationals (Brazil/Paraguay/Uruguay) and associated states (Bolivia/Chile/Peru/Ecuador/Colombia) access 2-year temporary residence convertible to permanent residence under the MERCOSUR Residence Agreement (CMC Decision 28/02; Argentine Ley 25.903/2004) — a pathway toward naturalization under Ley 346.

Members of recognized indigenous peoples are Argentine citizens like any other inhabitant (jus soli / jus sanguinis). They ADDITIONALLY hold collective territorial rights, cultural identity, bilingual-intercultural education, collective legal personality, and participation in resource management (Art 75 inc 17 of the Constitution, Ley 23.302, Ley 26.160, ILO Convention 169, UNDRIP).

Border residents on the Argentina–Uruguay frontier have a special circulation and residence regime under the 1973 Río de la Plata Treaty and later operational agreements.

Argentine border residents with neighboring countries have a special regime under MERCOSUR and operational bilateral agreements.

A foreign investor making a "relevant investment" (threshold pending a Ministry of Economy Resolution) may access naturalization without the ordinary residence requirement. Procedure under Decreto 524/2025: the citizenship-by-investment programs agency assesses eligibility, then the DNM decides within 30 business days.