Algerian transitional Ord 62-825

FR-HIS-01 is the French transitional-law settlement of nationality arising from Algerian independence. At independence the population of the former départements français d'Algérie split, for French-nationality purposes, along a civil-status (statut civil) bifurcation that French law treated as decisive:

• Statut civil de droit commun (persons governed by the metropolitan Code civil — historically the Européens d'Algérie, the Juifs d'Algérie under the décret Crémieux 1870, and Muslims individually admitted to droit commun by decree or judgment): KEPT French nationality automatically, de plein droit, by what is now Code civil Art 32-1 [, ].
• Statut civil de droit local (the great majority of Algerian Muslims, governed by personal-status local law): LOST French nationality on 1 January 1963 unless they subscribed a déclaration récognitive under Ordonnance 62-825 Art 2 within the window ultimately closed on 23 March 1967 by Loi 66-945 Art 1er [, ].

The route is "operative today" not because anyone can still subscribe the original declaration (that window is hard-closed), but because the codified rules Art 32-1 (conservation de plein droit, transmitted by filiation) and Art 32-2 (a possession d'état–based presumption of droit-commun status for persons born in Algeria before 22 July 1962) are live law applied by the Cour de cassation in contemporary lineage and CNF litigation [, ]. A claimant today typically does not "apply for" FR-HIS-01; rather, an ancestor's Art 32-1/32-2 status is litigated or established as a predicate fact that then feeds a present-day route — most often FR-DSC-01 (Art 18 filiation) or FR-BTH-02 (Art 19-3 double droit du sol for a person born in France after 1 Jan 1963 of a parent born in Algeria before 3 July 1962).

Critical date (LOCKED): the operative French-nationality cut-off is 3 July 1962 — the date of the annonce officielle des résultats du scrutin d'autodétermination — NOT 5 July 1962 (Algeria's own declared independence day). The two dates belong to different registers; the ECtHR narrative uses 5 July, but every French primary source on the nationality rule uses 3 July [, ]. The loss effective date for statut-local non-declarants is 1 January 1963.

This route is distinct from FR-HIS-02 (Algerian statut-local réintégration / harkis context). Note in particular: Loi 2022-229 du 23 février 2022 (harkis) is a RECONNAISSANCE + RÉPARATION statute — NOT a nationality-acquisition route [, ]. Most harkis and descendants are already French (droit-commun retention, or réintégration). Do not conflate reparation with nationality.

All Cassation decisions below were independently verified to exist by Agent H (Juricaf + Legifrance JURITEXT direct fetches); ECtHR confirmed via HUDOC. Two FATAL fabrications from the prior build (Cass [excluded]; CE [excluded]) were caught and are excluded (§8.2).

|---|---|---|---| | Cass. 1re civ. n° 17-50.014 | 28-02-2018 | Effects of Algerian independence governed by Ord 62-825 + Loi 66-945, codified Art 32-1/32-2; statut commun kept FR nationality (3 July 1962), statut local lost it 1 Jan 1963 absent declaration; proof of droit-commun admission needs a formal decree/judgment (administrative notes insufficient). |, | | Cass. 1re civ. n° 01-10677 | 01-07-2003 | Art 32-2 possession-d'état presumption: post-independence constant possession d'état de Français creates a presumption of droit-commun status (local status having ceased to exist as a French status), enabling recovery via Art 32-2 + Art 30-2. | | | Cass. 1re civ. n° 13-27.089 | 28-01-2015 | Art 32-1 transmission by filiation: droit-commun status (carrying conservation de plein droit) transmits by filiation; a minor child's prior marriage does not block transmission. Quotes Art 32-1 verbatim, anchoring 3 July 1962. ECLI:FR:CCASS:2015:C100067. | | | Cass. 1re civ. n° 10-30.916 | 28-03-2012 | Mixed-status families (one parent droit commun, one droit local) retained FR nationality; Art 17-1 lex tempore actus (Art 17 CNF / Loi 73-42 at minority); droit-commun parent retained under Art 32-3. | | | Cass. 1re civ. n° 17-23762 (= ECtHR Zeggai) | 05-09-2018 | Before-1963 LOSS authority (correctly characterised). Claimant born in France before 1 Jan 1963 of statut-local parents who lost FR nationality in 1963; pourvoi rejeté — his parents not being foreigners at his birth, the 1962/1966 Algeria settlement governed (not the ordinary jus-soli articles), and the before/after-1963 distinction did not breach Arts 8+14 ECHR. NOT the source of the favourable post-1963 corridor (that rests on AN QE 12-34556 + Sénat QE). ECLI:FR:CCASS:2018:17.23762 (Evidence-Table alt:...:C100549). |, | | ECtHR, Zeggai c. France, req. 12456/19 | 13-10-2022 | NO VIOLATION of Art 14 + Art 8: the before/after-independence date-of-birth distinction for children of non-declaring statut-local parents is objectively/reasonably justified (family unity at sovereignty transfer; wide margin of appreciation; réintégration remains possible). [2022] ECHR 819. Note: ECtHR narrates "5 July 1962" — French nationality cut-off remains 3 July 1962 (citation-care flag). | |

Conseil constitutionnel (indirectly relevant, FR-BTH-02 contestation): CC 2013-354 QPC (22-11-2013) — the action du ministère public contesting nationality is imprescriptible (Art 29-3); possession d'état (Art 30-2/31) can reverse the burden and shield an Art 19-3 beneficiary [; ]. Disambiguation: CC 2013-360 QPC (09-01-2014) is about sex discrimination in nationality LOSS (Art 9 Ord 1945) and is NOT an Art 19-3 / colonial-empire authority.