Healthcare-abandoned newborn presumption (NEW, extends foundling jus soli) — egészségügyi intézményben hagyott, ismeretlen állampolgárságú újszülött

A newborn is presumed Hungarian under §3(3)(c) where: (1) the child is a newborn of unknown nationality; (2) abandoned/left at a healthcare institution (paradigm: foreign-national mother leaves child directly after birth); (3) the guardianship authority has determined adoptability after the six-week no-collection window lapsed; (4) the presumption applies until the contrary is proven (rebuttable). Citizenship arises from birth by operation of law — no application, fee, residency, or age requirement.

§3(4) operative test (as amended by CXXVI/2025) for 'egészségügyi intézményben hagyott gyermek': the guardianship authority has determined adoptability because the mother left the child at the institution directly after birth and, within SIX WEEKS of the hospital discharge/abandonment record, neither parent nor another relative made a written declaration of intent to collect the child.

Process: (1) a newborn of unknown nationality is left at a healthcare institution; the hospital discharge/abandonment record starts the six-week collection window (§3(4)); (2) the guardianship authority (gyámhatóság), under 1997. évi XXXI. törvény as amended in parallel by CXXVI/2025, determines adoptability once the window lapses with no collection declaration; (3) §3(3)(c) presumes the child Hungarian from birth.

The SIX-WEEK collection window (from the hospital discharge/abandonment record) is the only statutory time-element; no separate citizenship-processing timeline applies because the presumption operates by operation of law from birth once the §3(4) conditions are met.

No fee — citizenship under §3(3)(c) arises by operation of law as a presumption from birth; it is not an application-based procedure and carries no procedural fee, consistent with the illetékmentes first-instance administrative regime since 2021-01-01.

Act LV/1993 §3(3)(c) (inserted by 2025. évi CXXVI. törvény §1) adds a territorial presumption: a newborn of unknown nationality abandoned/left at a healthcare institution (egészségügyi intézményben hagyott gyermek) — typically where a foreign-national mother leaves the child directly after birth — is presumed Hungarian until the contrary is proven.

Authority chain: healthcare institution (abandonment record) → guardianship authority (gyámügyi/gyámhatóság) determines adoptability → citizenship-matters organ (Budapest Főváros Kormányhivatala / BFKH) records/confirms the §3(3)(c) status. NOT OIF — OIF handles immigration/asylum and the Guest Investor residence permit only. [P1 correction: not OIF.]

Edge case — mother subsequently identified: because the presumption is rebuttable, if the foreign-national mother is later identified and the child's foreign nationality established, the §3(3)(c) presumption can be displaced ('until the contrary is proven'). The non-statelessness purpose means the presumption should not be lightly displaced where displacement would leave the child stateless.